Puritanism, a religious reform movement in the late 16th and 17th centuries that was known for the intensity of the religious experience that it fostered. Puritans’ efforts contributed to both civil war in England and the founding of colonies in America. Learn more about Puritanism, its history, and beliefs.Died: Khadījah, (died 619, Mecca, Arabia [now in Saudi Arabia]), merchant who was the first wife of the Prophet Muhammad. Little is known about her apart from the posthumous accounts of Muhammad’s life ( sīrah) and teachings ( Hadith ). Khadījah was born in the 6th century ce to merchants of the Quraysh tribe, which ruled Mecca.In the three main Abrahamic religions (Judaism, Christianity and Islam), the individual, God, and the universe are highly separate from each other. The Abrahamic religions believe in a judging, paternal, fully external god to which the individual and nature are both subordinate.Wicca is a broad movement with much internal diversity in its beliefs and practices, in large part because of the absence of any single leader or centralized governing body. Within Wiccan groups it is often considered more important for all members to follow the same ritual procedures than to believe the same thing.No. First let’s clarify: women do not have the right to divorce in Islam. They have an option to petition a man to grant them a divorce, by no mean guaranteed. Among the Hadiths is a retelling of a physically abused woman requesting a divorce from Mohammed. Zoroastrianism, ancient pre- Islamic religion of Iran that survives there in isolated areas and, more prosperously, in India, where the descendants of Zoroastrian Iranian (Persian) immigrants are known as Parsis, or Parsees. The Iranian prophet and religious reformer Zarathushtra (flourished before the 6th century bce )—more widely known ...No. First let’s clarify: women do not have the right to divorce in Islam. They have an option to petition a man to grant them a divorce, by no mean guaranteed. Among the Hadiths is a retelling of a physically abused woman requesting a divorce from Mohammed. The first woman ordained by the Association of Evangelical Lutheran Churches, Janith Otte, was ordained in 1977.) 1972: Sally Priesand became America's first female rabbi ordained by a rabbinical seminary, and the second formally ordained female rabbi in Jewish history, after Regina Jonas. Jan 25, 1996 · Twenty years ago it was first noted that very religious women achieve greater satisfaction in ... (and give every indication of far outstripping) social work resources, it is good to know that the ... Aug 26, 2016 · Religion, which serves as a reference point for gender norms and expectations, is often seen as institutionalizing and perpetuating patriarchy, thus frustrating many advocates for women’s rights and equality. Often overlooked, early roots of feminism included religious voices, and there are many women and men who work actively for gender ... Women's rights in Islam: Fighting for equality. In countries that practice Islamic law, legal reforms to advance the status of women tend to fail due to hard-liners who see it undermining religion ...Nov 7, 2022 · In today's post, we are on a quest to locate and name the seven oldest religions on Earth. So buckle up; it is going to be a bumpy ride! 1. Hinduism (15th – 5th century BCE) A Hindu sadhu boating in the Ganges River of Varanasi, India, a major pilgrimage site for the Hindus. Hinduism is generally believed to be the world's oldest religion and ... In Jewish law, although the human soul exists before birth, human life begins at birth, that is, at the time when the child is more than halfway emerged from the mother's body. For more details about the consequences of this doctrine, see Abortion. Judaism completely rejects the notion of original sin. According to Judaism, a child is born pure ...Nov 7, 2022 · In today's post, we are on a quest to locate and name the seven oldest religions on Earth. So buckle up; it is going to be a bumpy ride! 1. Hinduism (15th – 5th century BCE) A Hindu sadhu boating in the Ganges River of Varanasi, India, a major pilgrimage site for the Hindus. Hinduism is generally believed to be the world's oldest religion and ... Definition. Religion (from the Latin Religio, meaning 'restraint,' or Relegere, according to Cicero, meaning 'to repeat, to read again,' or, most likely, Religionem, 'to show respect for what is sacred') is an organized system of beliefs and practices revolving around, or leading to, a transcendent spiritual experience.Born: 1820. Died: 1906. The most famous American suffragist during her lifetime and even today, Susan B. Anthony was an activist, advocate and organizer for abolition, temperance, women’s rights, and particularly women’s suffrage. Born in Massachusetts to Quaker parents, Anthony’s long association with New York State began in 1826, when ... The main god and goddesses in Roman culture were Jupiter, Juno, and Minerva. Jupiter was a sky-god who Romans believed oversaw all aspects of life; he is thought to have originated from the Greek god Zeus. Jupiter also concentrated on protecting the Roman state. Military commanders would pay homage to Jupiter at his temple after winning in battle.Halakhic practice for Niddah, or female purity, is based on a harmonistic reading of Leviticus 12,15, 18, and 20. Taken from the Bible, the term niddah was transformed into a metaphorical expression for sin and impurity in general. During a woman’s period, any ritual objects she touches becomes impure, and those she comes into contact with ...Zoroastrianism in Western Culture. Sources. Zoroastrianism is an ancient Persian religion that may have originated as early as 4,000 years ago. Arguably the world’s first monotheistic faith, it ...South Australia first granted women suffrage and allowed them to stand for parliament in 1894. In 1906, the autonomous Grand Principality of Finland became the first territory to give women full political rights, i.e. both the right to vote and to run for office, and was the second in the world and the first in Europe to give women the right to ... The Church of England. Through the reigns of the Protestant King Edward VI (1547-1553), who introduced the first vernacular prayer book, and the Catholic Mary I (1553-1558), who sent some ...Women are associated with witchcraft, and said to be foolish and dishonest, but a man without a wife is said to be without joy and blessing. The ancient rabbis taught that a woman’s body and voice were indecent, but also that a man should respect his wife more than himself. In rabbinic law, women have fewer religious responsibilities than men.Today, the world looks at Islam and jumps to the conclusion that there are no rights for women in Islam. Therefore, this week, as part of Women’s Week on Rad...Women giving birth wore special ornaments to scare off the female demon Lamashtu, who was said to kill or kidnap children. The moon god, Nanna, was called upon to help the woman in labor. The earliest lullabies, or soothing songs sung to babies, were adapted from incantations, or sung prayers, to protect the infant. As shown by the following passages — adapted from Noel Rae’s new book The Great Stain, which uses firsthand accounts to tell the story of slavery in America — for some of them that ...The Salem Witch Trials of 1692 was an event that lasted a year in which religion fueled mass hysteria in a small colony. The trials consisted of accusations of witchcraft against hundreds of people, and for the unfortunate one’s it would mean their death. These trials and the evidence associated with them was all based around the idea of good ... The Salem Witch Trials of 1692 was an event that lasted a year in which religion fueled mass hysteria in a small colony. The trials consisted of accusations of witchcraft against hundreds of people, and for the unfortunate one’s it would mean their death. These trials and the evidence associated with them was all based around the idea of good ... Chief among these is Mary Magdalene, a woman infamous in Western Christianity as an adulteress and repentant whore. Discoveries of new texts from the dry sands of Egypt, along with sharpened...The first woman ordained by the Association of Evangelical Lutheran Churches, Janith Otte, was ordained in 1977.) According to statements made in 1995 and later, the underground Catholic bishop Felix Maria Davídek, who was a friend of her family, secretly ordained Ludmila Javorová on December 28, 1970.Rogers was a Catholic priest who converted to Protestantism in the 1530s under the influence of William Tyndale and assisted in the publication of Tyndale's English translations of the Bible. Burned alive at Smithfield on February 4, 1555, Rogers became the "first Protestant martyr" executed by England's Catholic Queen Mary. Spartan women seem to have married relatively late in comparison to their counterparts elsewhere in Greece. While Athenian women might have expected to marry for the first time around the age of fourteen to men much older than them, Spartan women normally married between the ages of eighteen and twenty to men close to them in age. Islam, major world religion promulgated by the Prophet Muhammad in Arabia in the 7th century ce. The Arabic term islām, literally “surrender,” illuminates the fundamental religious idea of Islam—that the believer (called a Muslim, from the active particle of islām) accepts surrender to the will of Allah (in Arabic, Allāh: God).Yes, it was 1787 when Mary Wollstonecraft first issued her “Thoughts on the Education of Daughters.” Very little there moves beyond the domestic; but once she started thinking, she arrived at “A Vindication of the Rights of Women” in 1792.Like many amazing stories, the history of the Women’s Rights Movement began with a small group of people questioning why human lives were being unfairly constricted. A Tea Launches a Revolution. The Women’s Rights Movement marks July 13, 1848 as its beginning.As shown by the following passages — adapted from Noel Rae’s new book The Great Stain, which uses firsthand accounts to tell the story of slavery in America — for some of them that ...First Pilgrimage ("lesser" pilgrimage or "umrah") made by Muhammad and his Muslims to Mecca after migrating to Medina. 629 CE Battle of Mu'tah: Muslims attempt to capture the village east of the Jordan River from the Byzantine Empire to show their expanding dominance, resulting in a Muslim defeat.Iranian women rights activists determined education is a key for the country's women and society; they argued giving women education was best for Iran because mothers would raise better sons for their country. Many Iranian women, including Jaleh Amouzgar, Eliz Sanasarian, Janet Afary, and Alenush Terian have been influential in the sciences. Aug 31, 2023 · Islam, major world religion promulgated by the Prophet Muhammad in Arabia in the 7th century ce. The Arabic term islām, literally “surrender,” illuminates the fundamental religious idea of Islam—that the believer (called a Muslim, from the active particle of islām) accepts surrender to the will of Allah (in Arabic, Allāh: God). Died: Khadījah, (died 619, Mecca, Arabia [now in Saudi Arabia]), merchant who was the first wife of the Prophet Muhammad. Little is known about her apart from the posthumous accounts of Muhammad’s life ( sīrah) and teachings ( Hadith ). Khadījah was born in the 6th century ce to merchants of the Quraysh tribe, which ruled Mecca.Updated on July 13, 2022. The Bible's Eve was the first woman on earth, the first wife, and the first mother. She is known as the "Mother of All the Living." Even though her accomplishments are remarkable, little else is known about Eve. Moses ’ account of the first couple is strikingly sparse. We must assume God had a reason for that lack of ...Jul 13, 2022 · Updated on July 13, 2022. The Bible's Eve was the first woman on earth, the first wife, and the first mother. She is known as the "Mother of All the Living." Even though her accomplishments are remarkable, little else is known about Eve. Moses ’ account of the first couple is strikingly sparse. We must assume God had a reason for that lack of ... Religion, which serves as a reference point for gender norms and expectations, is often seen as institutionalizing and perpetuating patriarchy, thus frustrating many advocates for women’s rights and equality. Often overlooked, early roots of feminism included religious voices, and there are many women and men who work actively for gender ...In 1972, Sally Priesand became the first woman ordained as a rabbi, in the Reform denomination. Women in the Reform, Conservative, Reconstructionist, and Renewal denominations are now able to lead worship services, read the Torah, and give drashes (sermons) just as men do, often contributing a different perspective. IslamJul 15, 2023 · Greek religion, religious beliefs and practices of the ancient Hellenes. Greek religion is not the same as Greek mythology, which is concerned with traditional tales, though the two are closely interlinked. Curiously, for a people so religiously minded, the Greeks had no word for religion itself; the nearest terms were eusebeia (“piety ... 515 BCE - 70 CE: Second Temple period begins. The synagogue and Jewish eschatology can all be traced back to the Second Temple period. 551 BCE: Confucius, founder of Confucianism, was born. [15] 447 BCE: The Parthenon is dedicated to the goddess Athena. 399 BCE: Socrates was tried for impiety.Religion in the Middle Ages, though dominated by the Catholic Church, was far more varied than only orthodox Christianity.In the Early Middle Ages (c. 476-1000), long-established pagan beliefs and practices entwined with those of the new religion so that many people who would have identified as Christian would not have been considered so by orthodox authority figures.Jul 2, 2009 · Yes, it was 1787 when Mary Wollstonecraft first issued her “Thoughts on the Education of Daughters.” Very little there moves beyond the domestic; but once she started thinking, she arrived at “A Vindication of the Rights of Women” in 1792. Aug 26, 2016 · Religion, which serves as a reference point for gender norms and expectations, is often seen as institutionalizing and perpetuating patriarchy, thus frustrating many advocates for women’s rights and equality. Often overlooked, early roots of feminism included religious voices, and there are many women and men who work actively for gender ... e. Religion in the United States began with the religions and spiritual practices of Native Americans. Later, religion also played a role in the founding of some colonies, as many colonists, such as the Puritans, came to escape religious persecution. Historians debate how much influence religion, specifically Christianity and more specifically ...Pandora. In Greek mythology, Pandora ( Greek: Πανδώρα, derived from πᾶν, pān, i.e. "all" and δῶρον, dōron, i.e. "gift", thus "the all-endowed", "all-gifted" or "all-giving") [1] was the first human woman created by Hephaestus on the instructions of Zeus. [2] [3] As Hesiod related it, each god cooperated by giving her unique ...The Concept of Religion. First published Mon Mar 28, 2022. It is common today to take the concept religion as a taxon for sets of social practices, a category-concept whose paradigmatic examples are the so-called “world” religions of Judaism, Christianity, Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism, Confucianism, and Daoism. [ 1]Pandora. In Greek mythology, Pandora ( Greek: Πανδώρα, derived from πᾶν, pān, i.e. "all" and δῶρον, dōron, i.e. "gift", thus "the all-endowed", "all-gifted" or "all-giving") [1] was the first human woman created by Hephaestus on the instructions of Zeus. [2] [3] As Hesiod related it, each god cooperated by giving her unique ...Judaism is the oldest surviving monotheistic religion, arising in the eastern Mediterranean in the second millennium B.C.E. Abraham is traditionally considered to be the first Jew and to have made ...As shown by the following passages — adapted from Noel Rae’s new book The Great Stain, which uses firsthand accounts to tell the story of slavery in America — for some of them that ...Jul 13, 2022 · Updated on July 13, 2022. The Bible's Eve was the first woman on earth, the first wife, and the first mother. She is known as the "Mother of All the Living." Even though her accomplishments are remarkable, little else is known about Eve. Moses ’ account of the first couple is strikingly sparse. We must assume God had a reason for that lack of ... Born: 1820. Died: 1906. The most famous American suffragist during her lifetime and even today, Susan B. Anthony was an activist, advocate and organizer for abolition, temperance, women’s rights, and particularly women’s suffrage. Born in Massachusetts to Quaker parents, Anthony’s long association with New York State began in 1826, when ...Halakhic practice for Niddah, or female purity, is based on a harmonistic reading of Leviticus 12,15, 18, and 20. Taken from the Bible, the term niddah was transformed into a metaphorical expression for sin and impurity in general. During a woman’s period, any ritual objects she touches becomes impure, and those she comes into contact with ... Judaism is the oldest surviving monotheistic religion, arising in the eastern Mediterranean in the second millennium B.C.E. Abraham is traditionally considered to be the first Jew and to have made ... Halakhic practice for Niddah, or female purity, is based on a harmonistic reading of Leviticus 12,15, 18, and 20. Taken from the Bible, the term niddah was transformed into a metaphorical expression for sin and impurity in general. During a woman’s period, any ritual objects she touches becomes impure, and those she comes into contact with ...Ladies First. By Yanki Tauber. Even in this day and age, most women graciously accept the traditional "ladies first" rule, whether it's getting off a sinking ship or going through a ballroom doorway. Commonly perceived as a concession to the weaker gender by the stronger, the rule is actually founded upon a very different rationale, at least in ...Zoroastrianism in Western Culture. Sources. Zoroastrianism is an ancient Persian religion that may have originated as early as 4,000 years ago. Arguably the world’s first monotheistic faith, it ...Jul 2, 2009 · Yes, it was 1787 when Mary Wollstonecraft first issued her “Thoughts on the Education of Daughters.” Very little there moves beyond the domestic; but once she started thinking, she arrived at “A Vindication of the Rights of Women” in 1792. Native American religions, religious beliefs and sacramental practices of the indigenous peoples of North and South America. Until the 1950s it was commonly assumed that the religions of the surviving Native Americans were little more than curious anachronisms, dying remnants of humankind’s childhood. These traditions lacked sacred texts and ...The International Council of Women (ICW) was the first women's organization to work across national boundaries for the common cause of advocating human rights for women. In March and April 1888, women leaders came together in Washington, D.C., with 80 speakers and 49 delegates representing 53 women's organizations from 9 countries: Canada, the ...In the three main Abrahamic religions (Judaism, Christianity and Islam), the individual, God, and the universe are highly separate from each other. The Abrahamic religions believe in a judging, paternal, fully external god to which the individual and nature are both subordinate. First Pilgrimage ("lesser" pilgrimage or "umrah") made by Muhammad and his Muslims to Mecca after migrating to Medina. 629 CE Battle of Mu'tah: Muslims attempt to capture the village east of the Jordan River from the Byzantine Empire to show their expanding dominance, resulting in a Muslim defeat.The role of women in Judaism is determined by the Hebrew Bible, the Oral Law (the corpus of rabbinic literature), by custom, and by cultural factors. Although the Hebrew Bible and rabbinic literature mention various female role models, religious law treats women differently in various circumstances. According to a 2017 study by the Pew Research ... Nov 7, 2022 · In today's post, we are on a quest to locate and name the seven oldest religions on Earth. So buckle up; it is going to be a bumpy ride! 1. Hinduism (15th – 5th century BCE) A Hindu sadhu boating in the Ganges River of Varanasi, India, a major pilgrimage site for the Hindus. Hinduism is generally believed to be the world's oldest religion and ... The main god and goddesses in Roman culture were Jupiter, Juno, and Minerva. Jupiter was a sky-god who Romans believed oversaw all aspects of life; he is thought to have originated from the Greek god Zeus. Jupiter also concentrated on protecting the Roman state. Military commanders would pay homage to Jupiter at his temple after winning in battle.Burial customs and cults of the dead. The oldest known burials can be attributed to the Middle Paleolithic Period. The corpses, accompanied by stone tools and parts of animals, were laid in holes in the ground and sometimes the corpses were especially protected. In some cases, the findings give the impression that the dead were to be “held ... Wicca is a broad movement with much internal diversity in its beliefs and practices, in large part because of the absence of any single leader or centralized governing body. Within Wiccan groups it is often considered more important for all members to follow the same ritual procedures than to believe the same thing.Originally known as the Woman’s Rights Convention, the Seneca Falls Convention fought for the social, civil and religious rights of women. The meeting was held from July 19 to 20, 1848 at the ...Islam, major world religion promulgated by the Prophet Muhammad in Arabia in the 7th century ce. The Arabic term islām, literally “surrender,” illuminates the fundamental religious idea of Islam—that the believer (called a Muslim, from the active particle of islām) accepts surrender to the will of Allah (in Arabic, Allāh: God).Islam was the first religion to give women rights like these. ... Islam religion is the first that set up women human rights since the 7th century preceding all other UN or religion decrees. Islam ...Nov 10, 2017 · Originally known as the Woman’s Rights Convention, the Seneca Falls Convention fought for the social, civil and religious rights of women. The meeting was held from July 19 to 20, 1848 at the ... Rogers was a Catholic priest who converted to Protestantism in the 1530s under the influence of William Tyndale and assisted in the publication of Tyndale's English translations of the Bible. Burned alive at Smithfield on February 4, 1555, Rogers became the "first Protestant martyr" executed by England's Catholic Queen Mary. Spartan women seem to have married relatively late in comparison to their counterparts elsewhere in Greece. While Athenian women might have expected to marry for the first time around the age of fourteen to men much older than them, Spartan women normally married between the ages of eighteen and twenty to men close to them in age. Greek religion, religious beliefs and practices of the ancient Hellenes. Greek religion is not the same as Greek mythology, which is concerned with traditional tales, though the two are closely interlinked. Curiously, for a people so religiously minded, the Greeks had no word for religion itself; the nearest terms were eusebeia (“piety ...Today, the world looks at Islam and jumps to the conclusion that there are no rights for women in Islam. Therefore, this week, as part of Women’s Week on Rad...Religion is the substance, the ground, and the depth of man's spiritual life." When religion is seen in terms of sacred, divine, intensive valuing, or ultimate concern, then it is possible to understand why scientific findings and philosophical criticisms (e.g., those made by Richard Dawkins) do not necessarily disturb its adherents. AspectsIn today's post, we are on a quest to locate and name the seven oldest religions on Earth. So buckle up; it is going to be a bumpy ride! 1. Hinduism (15th – 5th century BCE) A Hindu sadhu boating in the Ganges River of Varanasi, India, a major pilgrimage site for the Hindus. Hinduism is generally believed to be the world's oldest religion and ...Feb 23, 2018 · As shown by the following passages — adapted from Noel Rae’s new book The Great Stain, which uses firsthand accounts to tell the story of slavery in America — for some of them that ... Its history includes the emergence of Utopian Experiments, religious fanaticism, and opening the door to such exotic religions as Buddhism, Hinduism, Islam, and Taoism. Such has been the winding road of religious evolution in America. The role of religion among American Indians For untold generations before Europeans came to America, native ...The first woman ordained by the Association of Evangelical Lutheran Churches, Janith Otte, was ordained in 1977.) According to statements made in 1995 and later, the underground Catholic bishop Felix Maria Davídek, who was a friend of her family, secretly ordained Ludmila Javorová on December 28, 1970. Jul 2, 2009 · Yes, it was 1787 when Mary Wollstonecraft first issued her “Thoughts on the Education of Daughters.” Very little there moves beyond the domestic; but once she started thinking, she arrived at “A Vindication of the Rights of Women” in 1792. Freedom of religion or religious liberty is a principle that supports the freedom of an individual or community, in public or private, to manifest religion or belief in teaching, practice, worship, and observance. It also includes the freedom to change one's religion or beliefs, [1] "the right not to profess any religion or belief", [2] or "not ...
Sep 19, 2016 · The pagan god is not born of a virgin mother. The birth of the pagan god is the result of a sexual encounter. The parallel exists, but the Christian tradition antedates the pagan mythology. This is, of course, false. Ra is born of a virgin mother, was not conceived sexually, and predates Christian mythology (by a lot). . High
You left out Australia. In 1894, South Australia was the first state to give women the vote. Australian feminists always claim South Australia was the first place in the world where women could both vote and stand for office (they acknowledge New Zealand’s 1893 vote, women were initially not allowed to stand for office there).Religion, which serves as a reference point for gender norms and expectations, is often seen as institutionalizing and perpetuating patriarchy, thus frustrating many advocates for women’s rights and equality. Often overlooked, early roots of feminism included religious voices, and there are many women and men who work actively for gender ...515 BCE - 70 CE: Second Temple period begins. The synagogue and Jewish eschatology can all be traced back to the Second Temple period. 551 BCE: Confucius, founder of Confucianism, was born. [15] 447 BCE: The Parthenon is dedicated to the goddess Athena. 399 BCE: Socrates was tried for impiety.The International Council of Women (ICW) was the first women's organization to work across national boundaries for the common cause of advocating human rights for women. In March and April 1888, women leaders came together in Washington, D.C., with 80 speakers and 49 delegates representing 53 women's organizations from 9 countries: Canada, the ...The Roles For Women | From Jesus To Christ - The First Christians | FRONTLINE | PBS WATCH SCHEDULE TOPICS ABOUT FRONTLINE SHOP TEACHER CENTER The Roles for Women Although later pushed to...Mar 3, 2015 · The first government of the new German Republic, formed in 1918, introduced the principle of women’s active (right to vote) and passive (right to stand for election) suffrage which was reflected in article 109 of the Constitution of 1919, “ Weimarer Reichsverfassung ” (Die Verfassung des Deutschen Reichs). Which religion gave rights to women first? - Quora. Something went wrong. FIRST RELIGION TO GIVE WOMEN RIGHTS. Meanwhile, all across the world, many non-abrahamic faiths had roughly equal or matriarchal societies. 60. level 2. cackmatte. · 8m Never-Muslim Atheist. The "Islam is the first / only religion to do X" annoys me so much.South Australia first granted women suffrage and allowed them to stand for parliament in 1894. In 1906, the autonomous Grand Principality of Finland became the first territory to give women full political rights, i.e. both the right to vote and to run for office, and was the second in the world and the first in Europe to give women the right to ... In today's post, we are on a quest to locate and name the seven oldest religions on Earth. So buckle up; it is going to be a bumpy ride! 1. Hinduism (15th – 5th century BCE) A Hindu sadhu boating in the Ganges River of Varanasi, India, a major pilgrimage site for the Hindus. Hinduism is generally believed to be the world's oldest religion and ...In the three main Abrahamic religions (Judaism, Christianity and Islam), the individual, God, and the universe are highly separate from each other. The Abrahamic religions believe in a judging, paternal, fully external god to which the individual and nature are both subordinate.Raymond Parks. (m. 1932; died 1977) Signature. Rosa Louise McCauley Parks (February 4, 1913 – October 24, 2005) was an American activist in the civil rights movement best known for her pivotal role in the Montgomery bus boycott. The United States Congress has honored her as "the first lady of civil rights" and "the mother of the freedom ... Christianity was well-established as a major religion in the Roman Empire. Judaism had received the status of a legal religion in the Roman Empire with formal protections. Although Christianity developed out of Jewish traditions, it had no such legal protections. Christians were occasionally persecuted—formally punished—for their beliefs ....